中英双语丨“一带一路”上的海南自贸港

Hainan FTP Along China's Belt and Road

“一带一路”上的海南自贸港

China.Org--The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2021 is being held in Boao, south China’s Hainan Province, from Sunday to Wednesday under the theme of“A World in Change: Join Hands to Strengthen Global Governance and Advance Belt and Road Initiative Cooperation.”

As the host of the Boao Forum, Hainan undertakes exchanges and cooperation with countries and regions along the Belt and Road.

中国网讯 2021博鳌亚洲论坛正在海南举行。今年年会的主题是“世界大变局：共襄全球治理盛举 合奏一带一路强音”。而主会场博鳌所在的海南省，承担着同“一带一路”沿线国家深入开展交流合作的重任。

On April 13, 2018, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced a decision to build the whole island of Hainan into a pilot free trade zone (FTZ), gradually exploring and steadily promoting the establishment of a free trade port (FTP) with Chinese characteristics. He made the announcement at a gathering celebrating the 30th anniversary of the founding of Hainan Province and the Hainan Special Economic Zone. It accorded Hainan an unprecedented development opportunity.

2018年4月13日，中国国家主席习近平在在庆祝海南建省办经济特区30周年大会上郑重宣布，支持海南全岛建设自由贸易试验区。这一决议赋予海南空前的发展机遇。

Hainan is a vital node on the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road and on the forefront of China’s integration with Southeast Asian countries. It also has been participating in the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, strengthening cooperation in trade, investment, tourism, ecological and environmental protection, and cultural exchanges with countries and regions along the route. From 2013 to 2020, Hainan’s total imports and exports of goods increased from 15 billion yuan (about $2.4 billion) to 93.3 billion yuan (about $13.5 billion). The actual use of foreign direct investment increased from $1.8 billion to $3 billion.

海南是21世纪海上丝绸之路上的重镇，也是中国同东盟国家开展进一步深入合作的前沿地带。以海南为支点，中国同一带一路沿途国家的贸易、投资、旅游、生态环保和文化交流往来工作不断强化。例如，2013年到2020年，海南的进出口货物总值从150亿人民币增长至938亿人民币，实际利用外资水平从18亿美元上升至30亿美元。

On June 1, 2020, a master plan mapping out a timeline for the construction of the Hainan FTP was released. Per the plan, customs clearance at the FTP will begin by 2025, and by 2035, the FTP will optimize open policies and fully realize free and convenient flows of trade, investment, capital, personnel, transport and data. 

2020年6月1日，《海南自贸港建设总体方案》（以下简称“《总体建设方案》”）正式发布，根据规划，海南自贸港将于2025年实现全岛封关运作，在2035年充分实现贸易自由便利、投资自由便利、跨境资金流动自由便利、人员进出自由便利、运输来往自由便利和数据安全有序流动。

Given its geographical advantage and strategic mission, Hainan is an ideal ground for piloting an FTP with zero tariffs and low tax rates.

考虑到其得天独厚的区位优势和至关重要的战略地位，海南岛是建立“零关税”、“低税率”自由贸易区试点的理想选址。

The master plan has laid out a series of special policies for Hainan, such as scrapping import duties, lowering income tax rates for high-level talents and enterprises, and relaxing visa requirements for tourists and business travelers. For instance, the plan calls for extending zero tariffs from enterprises to consumers. The measures include raising the annual duty-free shopping quota for travelers to 100,000 yuan, and expanding the categories of duty-free goods.

In addition, the idea is to have low tax rates. By 2025, enterprises registered and operating in Hainan shall be entitled to corporate income tax at a reduced rate of 15 percent. Incomes from new overseas direct investment derived from enterprises in tourism, modern services and high-tech industries registered in the FTP shall be exempted from corporate income tax.Moreover, for high-level talents and talents in short supply, the portion of their actual individual income tax burden exceeding 15 percent will be exempted. In Singapore, the corporate tax rate is 17 percent, and the personal income tax rate is capped at 22 percent. In China’s Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, corporations are taxed at 16.5 percent and the personal income tax rate is capped at 17 percent. Hainan’s goal is to cap both at 15 percent.

《总体建设方案》提出了包括发布“零关税”清单、减少紧缺和高端人才个税及企业所得税、简化赴琼外籍人士商旅签证办理流程等一系列优势政策。在“降税”问题上，现有具体措施包括将个人离岛免税购物额度从每人每年3万元提升至10万元，并扩大免税商品适用范围等。此外，目前新加坡的企业所得税为17%，个税最高为22%；在中国香港，企业所得税为16.5%，个税最高为17%。而海南将力争把这两项指标控制在15%之内。根据规划，到2025年，在海南自贸港注册和实质性运营的企业所得税将减至15%，从事旅游业、现代服务业和高新技术产业的企业可免除所得税；针对高端和紧缺人才，个税中超过15%的部分可免除。

Furthermore, introduction of talents is another salient feature of the plan. Foreign nationals who declare on their own or are invited can enter Hainan visa-free. Overseas colleges of science, engineering, agriculture and medicine can establish independent educational services in Hainan. At the same time, Hainan welcomes world-class universities to run schools in cooperation with Chinese institutions.

最后，海外人才资源的引入也是一个引人注意的部分。外国人免签入境事由范围及渠道得到拓展。专注于理工农医学科的海外高校可直接在海南开设分校等教育机构。同时，海南也欢迎世界名校来此同中国高教机构合作办学。

In its 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025), Hainan proposed to further participate in the construction of the Belt and Road, and promote cooperation among countries and regions along the route, especially in areas of aviation, trade, finance, education, technology, culture, health and wellness, innovation and entrepreneurship.

十四五期间，海南将会继续积极主动参与一带一路的建设，并加强与沿途各国在航空航天技术、贸易、金融、教育、文化、健康医疗、创新创业等方面的交流。